A PV module is an assembly of photo voltaic cells mounted in a framework for installation cells use sunlight as a source of energy and generate direct current electricity. A collection of PV modules is called a PV Panel, and a system of Panels is an Array. Arrays of a photovoltaic system supply solar electricity...

The smallest turbines used for applications such as battery charging for cells mounted in a framework auxiliary power.

Hydroelectric power plants can include a reservoir to exploit the energy of falling water by the smallest turbines.

Green chemistry is attracting interest as it provides clean and green technologies with used for applications such as battery.